Héliton Spindola Antunes1, Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos2,
Fábio Luiz Coracin3, Geisa Badauy Lauria Silva4,
Luiz Antonio de Souza5, and Luiz Alberto Soares Valente Jr.6*
1DDS, PhD of the Clinical Research Coordination,
National Cancer Institute of Brazil (INCA)
2DDS, PhD, Professor of the Stomatology Department, Bauru School of Dentistry,
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
3DDS, PhD of the Bone Marrow Transplant Service,
Clinicas Hospital from School of Medicine – University of Sao Paulo;
Professor of Pathology and Oral Medicine in Nove de Julho University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
4DDS, MSc of the Bone Marrow Transplant Service and of Pediatric Oncology in Araújo
Jorge Hospital (HAJ/ACCG)
5DDS of the Blood Center in Santa Catarina (HEMOSC)
6DDS, MSc of the Dentistry Division in Clinicas Hospital,
School of Medicine – University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
ABSTRACT
Oral Mucositis (OM) is one of the main complications of patients submitted to the
oncologic treatment. The incidence of oral mucositis varies, and is intimately related to
the toxicity of chemotherapy and radiotherapy protocol. Prolonged or profound oral
mucositis leads to significant pain and morbidity and depending on its progression, it may
be necessary to interrupt the treatment followed or not by hospitalization.
OM occurs approximately in seven to ten days after chemotherapy and from the
second week of radiotherapy. Although it is a toxic reaction and inflammation that is
studied for a long time, the molecular and cell mechanisms described recently may
contribute for the appearance of new protocols of prevention. In the context of options
studied in the prevention of OM, there are efficient alternatives as cryotherapy, growth
factor of keratinocytes and the low-level lasers that promote a reduction in the incidence
of OM and pain during the period of the oncologic treatment.
The aim of this chapter was to investigate the available literature regarding OM,
searching relevant articles and eligible clinical trials in order to obtain additional
information about prevention and treatment interventions to OM.
Members of the Committee of Dentistry from the Brazilian Association of Hematology and Hemotherapy.
Fábio Luiz Coracin3, Geisa Badauy Lauria Silva4,
Luiz Antonio de Souza5, and Luiz Alberto Soares Valente Jr.6*
1DDS, PhD of the Clinical Research Coordination,
National Cancer Institute of Brazil (INCA)
2DDS, PhD, Professor of the Stomatology Department, Bauru School of Dentistry,
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
3DDS, PhD of the Bone Marrow Transplant Service,
Clinicas Hospital from School of Medicine – University of Sao Paulo;
Professor of Pathology and Oral Medicine in Nove de Julho University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
4DDS, MSc of the Bone Marrow Transplant Service and of Pediatric Oncology in Araújo
Jorge Hospital (HAJ/ACCG)
5DDS of the Blood Center in Santa Catarina (HEMOSC)
6DDS, MSc of the Dentistry Division in Clinicas Hospital,
School of Medicine – University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
ABSTRACT
Oral Mucositis (OM) is one of the main complications of patients submitted to the
oncologic treatment. The incidence of oral mucositis varies, and is intimately related to
the toxicity of chemotherapy and radiotherapy protocol. Prolonged or profound oral
mucositis leads to significant pain and morbidity and depending on its progression, it may
be necessary to interrupt the treatment followed or not by hospitalization.
OM occurs approximately in seven to ten days after chemotherapy and from the
second week of radiotherapy. Although it is a toxic reaction and inflammation that is
studied for a long time, the molecular and cell mechanisms described recently may
contribute for the appearance of new protocols of prevention. In the context of options
studied in the prevention of OM, there are efficient alternatives as cryotherapy, growth
factor of keratinocytes and the low-level lasers that promote a reduction in the incidence
of OM and pain during the period of the oncologic treatment.
The aim of this chapter was to investigate the available literature regarding OM,
searching relevant articles and eligible clinical trials in order to obtain additional
information about prevention and treatment interventions to OM.
Members of the Committee of Dentistry from the Brazilian Association of Hematology and Hemotherapy.
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